Third-party and independent candidates for the 2020 United States presidential election explained

Election Name:Third-party and independent candidates for the 2020 United States presidential election
Country:United States
Type:presidential
Previous Election:Third-party and independent candidates for the 2016 United States presidential election
Previous Year:2016
Next Election:Third-party and independent candidates for the 2024 United States presidential election
Next Year:2024
Image1:Jo Jorgensen portrait 3.jpg
Nominee1:Jo Jorgensen
Party1:Libertarian Party (United States)
Home State1:South Carolina
Running Mate1:Spike Cohen
Popular Vote1:1,865,535
Percentage1:1.18%
Nominee2:Howie Hawkins
Party2:Green Party of the United States
Running Mate2:Angela Nicole Walker
Home State2:New York
Popular Vote2:407,068
Percentage2:0.26%
Image3:Roque De La Fuente (cropped).jpg
Nominee3:Rocky De La Fuente
Party3:Alliance Party (United States)
Alliance2:Socialist
Alliance3:American Independent
Reform
Natural Law
Home State3:California
Running Mate3:Darcy Richardson
Popular Vote3:88,241
Percentage3:0.06%
Image4:Gloria La Riva at Trump inauguration protest SF Jan 20 2017.jpg
Nominee4:Gloria La Riva
Party4:Party for Socialism and Liberation
Alliance4:Peace and Freedom
Liberty Union
Home State4:California
Running Mate4:Sunil Freeman
Popular Vote4:85,685
Percentage4:0.05%
Image5:Kanye West at the 2009 Tribeca Film Festival (crop 2).jpg
Nominee5:Kanye West
Party5:Independent politician
Alliance5:Birthday
Home State5:Wyoming
Running Mate5:Michelle Tidball
Popular Vote5:70,950
Percentage5:0.04%
Image6:Don Blankenship Image (cropped).jpeg
Nominee6:Don Blankenship
Party6:Constitution Party (United States)
Home State6:West Virginia
Running Mate6:William Mohr
Popular Vote6:60,080
Percentage6:0.04%
Image7:Brock Pierce in Midway, Utah, in 2018.jpg
Nominee7:Brock Pierce
Party7:Independent politician
Alliance7:Independence Party
Home State7:Puerto Rico
Running Mate7:Karla Ballard
Popular Vote7:49,773
Percentage7:0.03%
Image8:Brian T. Carroll - head shot .75 aspect ratio.png
Nominee8:Brian T. Carroll
Party8:American Solidarity Party
Home State8:California
Running Mate8:Amar Patel
Popular Vote8:40,365
Percentage8:0.03%
Nominee9:Alyson Kennedy
Party9:Socialist Workers Party (United States)
Home State9:Texas
Image9:3x4.svg
Running Mate9:Malcolm Jarrett
Popular Vote9:6,791

This article lists third-party and independent candidates, also jointly known as minor candidates, associated with the 2020 United States presidential election.

"Third party" is a term commonly used in the United States in reference to political parties other than the Democratic and Republican parties. An independent candidate is one not affiliated with any political party.

The list of candidates whose names were printed on the ballot or who were accepted as write-in candidates varied by state. More than a hundred candidates were on the ballot or formally registered as write-in candidates in at least one state.[1]

All minor candidates combined received less than 2% of the national votes.[2]

Summary

Appearing on every ballot, Libertarian Party nominee Jo Jorgensen performed the best of any third-party candidate, receiving 1,865,535 votes. Jorgensen received 187,910 votes in California, her best state vote total. She received 2.63% of the vote in South Dakota, her best state by percentage. Jorgensen was the only candidate to receive more than 2% of the vote in any one state.

Green Party candidate Howie Hawkins was the only other third-party candidate to receive more than 1% of the vote in any state, which he did in Maine. Hawkins also received his highest vote total in California, with 81,032 votes.

In Nevada, None of These Candidates received 1% of the vote.

Show/hide: [<span class=mw-customtoggle-p style=color:#0645AD>presidential candidates]] [<span class=mw-customtoggle-v style=color:#0645AD>vice presidential candidates</span>] [<span class=mw-customtoggle-a style=color:#0645AD>parties</span>] [<span class=mw-customtoggle-b style=color:#0645AD>ballot access</span>]
2020 United States presidential election results
class=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-p colspan=2Presidential candidateclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-pJoe Bidenclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-pDonald Trumpclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-pJo Jorgensenclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-pHowie Hawkinsclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-pRocky De La Fuenteclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-pGloria La Rivaclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-pKanye West
class=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-pDon Blankenshipclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-pBrock Pierceclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-pBrian Carroll
Vice presidential candidateKamala HarrisMike PenceSpike CohenAngela WalkerDarcy Richardson
Sunil Freeman
Michelle TidballWilliam MohrKarla BallardAmar Patel
class=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-a colspan=2Party or labelclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-aDemocratic
class=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-aRepublican
class=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-aLibertarianclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-aGreenclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-aAlliance
class=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-aPSLclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-aBirthdayclass=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-aConstitution
class=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-aIndependent
class=mw-collapsible id=mw-customcollapsible-aAmerican Solidarity
accessBallot5385385383811831958416511566
Total538538538511289401243305285463
State/DC1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Others Total votes
style=text-align:leftAlabama[3] 97,3122,323,282
style=text-align:leftAlaska[4] 34,634359,530
style=text-align:leftArizona[5] 112853,387,326
style=text-align:leftArkansas[6] 65,6591,219,069
style=text-align:leftCalifornia[7] 551,29117,501,380
style=text-align:leftColorado[8] 98,6673,256,980
style=text-align:leftConnecticut[9] 7541,823,857
style=text-align:leftDelaware[10] 361504,346
style=text-align:leftD. of Columbia[11] 33,137344,356
style=text-align:leftFlorida[12] 2920111,067,456
style=text-align:leftGeorgia[13] 163104,999,960
style=text-align:leftHawaii[14] 4574,469
style=text-align:leftIdaho[15] 434867,934
style=text-align:leftIllinois[16] 202886,033,744
style=text-align:leftIndiana[17] 11703,033,210
style=text-align:leftIowa[18] 64,8831,690,871
style=text-align:leftKansas[19] 6991,373,986
style=text-align:leftKentucky[20] 81102,136,768
style=text-align:leftLouisiana[21] 84,6172,148,062
style=text-align:leftMaine[22] 487819,461
style=text-align:leftMaryland[23] 1024,2273,037,030
style=text-align:leftMassachusetts[24] 1116,3273,631,402
style=text-align:leftMichigan[25] 161275,539,302
style=text-align:leftMinnesota[26] 109,4963,277,171
style=text-align:leftMississippi[27] 61,3171,313,759
style=text-align:leftMissouri[28] 10773,025,962
style=text-align:leftMontana[29] 334603,674
style=text-align:leftNebraska[30] 54,671956,383
style=text-align:leftNevada[31] 614,0791,405,376
style=text-align:left class=nowrapNew Hampshire[32] 42,073806,205
style=text-align:leftNew Jersey[33] 143,2554,549,457
style=text-align:leftNew Mexico[34] 51,806923,965
style=text-align:leftNew York[35] 293728,616,861
style=text-align:leftNorth Carolina[36] 1513,3155,524,804
style=text-align:leftNorth Dakota[37] 31,860362,024
style=text-align:leftOhio[38] 183725,922,202
style=text-align:leftOklahoma[39] 73,6541,560,699
style=text-align:leftOregon[40] 722,0772,374,321
style=text-align:leftPennsylvania[41] 2020,0496,936,976
style=text-align:leftRhode Island[42] 42,759517,757
style=text-align:leftSouth Carolina[43] 92,513,329
style=text-align:leftSouth Dakota[44] 3422,609
style=text-align:leftTennessee[45] 112,6763,053,851
style=text-align:leftTexas[46] 382,80911,315,056
style=text-align:leftUtah[47] 62,4731,488,289
style=text-align:leftVermont[48] 34,986367,428
style=text-align:leftVirginia[49] 1319,7654,460,524
style=text-align:leftWashington[50] 1229,7394,087,631
style=text-align:leftWest Virginia[51] 540794,731
style=text-align:leftWisconsin[52] 106,4853,298,041
style=text-align:leftWyoming[53] 31,739276,765
style=text-align:leftTotal53881,283,50174,223,9751,865,535407,06888,24185,68570,95060,08049,77340,365254,458158,429,631
Legend
Listed on ballot
Registered as write-in candidate
Write-in candidates allowed without registration
Not a candidate in the state/DC

Candidates who received more than 2,000 votes

The candidates below are listed in order of national vote totals.[2]

Jo Jorgensen, Libertarian Party

Libertarian candidate Jo Jorgensen was the only minor candidate to breach a million votes nationwide, getting more than 1% of the national votes and more than the margin between the two major candidates, Donald Trump and Joe Biden, in several battleground states.[54] [55] She was also the only minor candidate who was on the ballot in every state.

2020 Libertarian Party ticket[56]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emClemson University lecturer from South Carolinastyle=width:16emPodcaster and businessman from South Carolina
Campaign
Other candidates for the Libertarian Party nomination
Jacob HornbergerVermin SupremeJohn MondsJim GrayAdam KokeshDan Behrman
style=width:12emFounder and President of the Future of Freedom Foundationstyle=width:12emPerformance artist, activist, and political satiriststyle=width:12emFormer President of the Grady County, Georgia NAACPstyle=width:12emFormer presiding judge for the Superior Court of Orange County, Californiastyle=width:12emLibertarian and anti-war political activiststyle=width:12emSoftware engineer and podcaster
CampaignCampaignCampaignCampaign
W: May 23, 2020
8,986 votes (20.55%)
236 first round delegates
W: May 23, 2020
4,288 votes (9.81%)
171 first round delegates
W: May 23, 2020
1 vote (<0.01%)
147 first round delegates
W: May 23, 2020
42 votes (0.10%)
98 first round delegates
W: May 23, 2020
2,728 votes (6.24%)
77 first round delegates
W: May 23, 2020
2,337 votes (5.34%)
0 first round delegates
[57] [58] [59] [60]
Sam RobbJustin AmashKen ArmstrongLincoln ChafeeMax AbramsonKim Ruff
style=width:12emSoftware engineer and author
Former naval officer
style=width:12emU.S. representative from MI-03 (2011–present)style=width:12emU.S. Coast Guard
commissioned officer
(1977–1994)
style=width:12emGovernor of Rhode Island (2011–2015) and U.S. Senator from Rhode Island (1999–2007)style=width:12emNew Hampshire State Representative (2014–2016; 2018–present)style=width:12emVice chair of the LPRadical Caucus
CampaignCampaignCampaignCampaignCampaign
W: May 23, 2020
1,943 votes (5.06%)
0 first round delegates
W: May 17, 2020
3 votes (0.01%)
17 first round delegates
W: April 29, 2020
3,509 votes (8.03%)
0 first round delegates
W: April 5, 2020
294 votes (0.67%)
1 (write-in) first round delegate
W: March 3, 2020
2,052 votes (5.34%)
0 first round delegates
W: January 11, 2020
3,045 votes (7.93%)
0 first round delegates
[61] [62] [63] [64] [65]

Howie Hawkins, Green Party

2020 Green Party ticket[66] [67]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emCo-founder of the Green Party from New Yorkstyle=width:16emATU Local 998 Legislative Director (2011–2013) from South Carolina
Campaign
Additional party nominations:Legal Marijuana Now[68]
Socialist Alternative[69] [70]
Socialist Party USA[71]
Other candidates for the Green Party nomination
Dario Hunter
Officially recognized
Sedinam
Moyowasifza-Curry
Dennis LambertJesse VenturaDavid Rolde
Officially recognized
style=width:16emMember of the Youngstown Board of Education (2016–2020)style=width:16emActiviststyle=width:16emDocumentary filmmakerstyle=width:16emGovernor of Minnesota (1999–2003)style=width:16emCo-chair of the Greater Boston Chapter of the Green-Rainbow Party
Campaign
89.5 delegates (20.1%)
3,087 votes
10.5 delegates (3.0%)
2,229 votes
9 delegates (2.6%)
2,029 votes
8 delegates (1.7%)
49 votes
5.5 delegates (1.6%)
960 votes
[72] [73] [74] No candidacy[75]

Rocky De La Fuente, Alliance Party

2020 Alliance Party ticket[76]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emBusinessman and perennial candidate from Californiastyle=width:16emAuthor, historian and political activist from Florida
Campaign
Additional party nominations:Reform Party
Natural Law Party of Michigan
American Independent Party
Other candidates for the Reform Party nomination
Max AbramsonJohannon Ben ZionPhil CollinsSouraya Faas
style=width:16emNew Hampshire State Representative from the 20th Rockingham districtstyle=width:16emFormer 2020 presidential nominee of the Transhumanist Party from Arizonastyle=width:16emFormer Libertyville Township Trustee and 2020 presidential nominee of the Prohibition Party from Nevadastyle=width:16emFormer member of the Miami-Dade County Republican executive committee from Florida
CampaignCampaign
4 votes[77] 1 vote0 votes[78] Withdrew before convention
(endorsed De La Fuente)

Gloria La Riva, Party for Socialism and Liberation

2020 Party for Socialism and Liberation ticket[79] [80]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emActivist and writer from Californiastyle=width:16emAuthor and activist from the District of Columbia
Additional party nominations:Liberty Union Party
Peace and Freedom Party

Kanye West, Birthday Party

2020 Birthday Party ticket[81] [82]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emRapper, producer and fashion designer from Wyomingstyle=width:16emPreacher from Wyoming
Campaign

Don Blankenship, Constitution Party

2020 Constitution Party ticket[83]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emFormer CEO of Massey Energy from West Virginiastyle=width:16emChairman of the U.S. Taxpayers Party of Michigan from Michigan
Campaign
Candidates for the Constitution Party nomination
Don BlankenshipCharles KrautDon GrundmanSamm TittleDaniel Clyde CummingsJ. R. Myers
style=width:12emFormer CEO of Massey Energy from West Virginiastyle=width:12emAuthor from Virginiastyle=width:12emChairman of the Constitution Party of Californiastyle=width:12em2012 and 2016 independent presidential candidate from Texasstyle=width:12emPhysician from Utahstyle=width:12emFormer Alaska Constitution Party Chairman
Convention
139.5 votes (1st ballot)
177 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
639 votes
Convention
77.8 votes (1st ballot)
86.75 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
186 votes
Convention
25.25 votes (1st ballot)
24 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
256 votes
Convention
46.35 votes (1st ballot)
21.25 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
195 votes
Convention
13.1 votes (1st ballot)
Popular Vote
133 votes
Popular Vote
116 votes

Brock Pierce, independent

Independent[84] [85]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emDirector of the Bitcoin Foundation and former actor from Puerto Ricostyle=width:16emEntrepreneur from Pennsylvania
Campaign
style=width:16emAdditional party nominations and ballot labels:style=width:16emAmerican Shopping Party[86]
Independence Party of New York[87]
Freedom and Prosperity

Brian Carroll, American Solidarity Party

2020 American Solidarity Party ticket[88] [89]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emTeacher from Californiastyle=width:16emChairman of the American Solidarity Party from Illinois
Campaign
Other candidates for the American Solidarity Party nomination
Joe SchrinerJoshua Perkins
style=width:18emPlumber and activist from Ohiostyle=width:18em
Campaign
[90]

Jade Simmons, independent

Independent[91] [92]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emClassical concert pianist from Texasstyle=width:16emDefense contractor from Texas
Additional ballot label:Becoming One Nation
Registered write-in Unregistered write-in
Results by state! State! Votes! Percentage
Arizona2360.01%
Connecticut22–%
Delaware280.01%
Florida181–%
Georgia162–%
Idaho21–%
Illinois78–%
Kansas48–%
Kentucky29–%
Louisiana3,6540.23%
Maryland131–%
Michigan89–%
Missouri74–%
Montana6–%
New York155–%
New Hampshire7–%
North Carolina119–%
Ohio212–%
Oklahoma1,6260.08%
Tennessee68–%
Wisconsin36–%
Utah186–%
West Virginia6–%
Vermont1–%
6 states0–%
7 states00%
Total:7,175–%
Source: The Green Papers

Alyson Kennedy, Socialist Workers Party

2020 Socialist Workers Party ticket[93] [94]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emMineworker and 2016 nominee from Texasstyle=width:16emCook from Pennsylvania
Unregistered write-in
Results by state! State! Votes! Percentage
Colorado3540.01%
Minnesota6430.02%
Louisiana5360.02%
Tennessee2,5760.08%
Vermont1950.05%
Washington2,4870.06%
8 states00%
Total:6,791–%
Source: The Green Papers

Bill Hammons, Unity Party

2020 Unity Party ticket[95]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emFounder of the Unity Party from Texasstyle=width:16emChairman of the Colorado Unity Party from Colorado
Campaign
Unregistered write-in
Results by state! State! Votes! Percentage
Colorado2,7300.08%
Louisiana6620.03%
New Jersey3,2550.07%
Vermont1–%
6 states00%
Total:6,647–%
Source: The Green Papers

Jerome Segal, Bread and Roses

2020 Bread and Roses ticket[96]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emPhilosopher from Marylandstyle=width:16emDocumentary filmmaker and author from Washington
Campaign
Unregistered write-in
Results by state! State! Votes! Percentage
Maryland5,8840.19%
Vermont650.02%
8 states00%
Total:5,949–%
Source: The Green Papers

Dario Hunter, Progressive Party

2020 Progressive Party ticket[97]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emYoungstown Board of Education member (2016–2020) and 2020 Green candidate for President from Ohiostyle=width:16emActivist from Maine
Additional party nominations:Oregon Progressive Party[98]
Registered write-in Unregistered write-in
Results by state! State! Votes! Percentage
Colorado3790.01%
Oregon4,9880.21%
Kansas1–%
Minnesota1–%
Ohio27–%
Washington80%
2 states0–%
8 states00%
Total:5,404–%
Source: The Green Papers

Phil Collins, Prohibition Party

2020 Prohibition Party ticket[99]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emFormer Libertyville Township Trustee from Nevadastyle=width:16emFormer Marine from Georgia
Campaign
Previous nominees of the Prohibition Party
First nominees[100]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16em2016 Vice Presidential nominee
from Mississippi
style=width:16emHistorian from Tennessee
Bayes withdrew on March 21, 2019[101]
Second nominees[102]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emHistorian from Tennesseestyle=width:16emFormer Libertyville Township Trustee from Nevada
Gammon withdrew on August 2, 2019[103]

Registered write-in Unregistered write-in

Results by state! State! Votes! Percentage
Arkansas2,8120.23%
Colorado5680.02%
Illinois3–%
Maryland10–%
Mississippi1,3170.10%
New York9–%
Vermont1370.04%
Washington00%
8 states00%
Total:4,856–%
Source: The Green Papers

Jesse Ventura, Green Party of Alaska

2020 Green Party of Alaska ticket
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emGovernor of Minnesota (1999–2003)style=width:16emU.S. Representative from Georgia (1993–2003)
Registered write-in Unregistered write-in
Results by state! State! Votes! Percentage
Alaska2,6730.74%
California611–%
Rhode Island11–%
Vermont6–%
7 states00%
Total:3,036–%
Source: The Green Papers

Mark Charles, independent

Independent[104] [105]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emActivist from the District of Columbiastyle=width:16emCommunity organizer and activist from Kentucky
Registered write-in Unregistered write-in
Results by state! State! Votes! Percentage
California559–%
Colorado2,0110.06%
Connecticut11–%
Delaware8–%
Georgia65–%
Illinois75–%
Kansas29–%
Kentucky43–%
Maryland30–%
Minnesota112–%
Montana23–%
Vermont7–%
Wisconsin52–%
West Virginia11–%
4 states00%
8 states00%
Total:3,036–%
Source: The Green Papers

Joe McHugh, independent

Independent[106]
for Presidentfor Vice President
style=width:16emMarine veteran and entrepreneur from Michiganstyle=width:16emAttorney from Michigan
Registered write-in Unregistered write-in
StateVotesPercentage
UT2,2290.15%
CO6140.02%
3 states00%
9 states00%
Source: The Green Papers 1 2

Other votes

A few states counted write-in votes for anyone, including people who did not declare themselves candidates and even non-human entities.[107] [108] In Vermont, write-in preferences included well-regarded politicians (including misspellings), celebrities, fictional characters, deities and a type of cheese.[109]

Candidates who received under 2,000 votes and alternative ballot options
Scattered write-ins157,794
Blank / None of the above132,870
CandidateVotesStates reported from
On ballotWrite-in
Samm Tittle1,8061 (NM)3 (AK, NH, VA)
Tom Hoefling1,3311 (LA)17 states
Brooke Paige1,1751 (VT)
Bernie Sanders1,0153 (NH, RI, VT)
Christopher LaFontaine8561 (VT)
Kyle Kopitke8152 (CO, VT)
Ricki Sue King5461 (IA)
Princess Jacob-Fambro5051 (CO)7 states
Blake Huber4092 (CO, VT)
Joseph Tanniru3501 (CO)4 states
Mitt Romney3363 (NH, RI, VT)
Tulsi Gabbard2823 (NH, RI, VT)
Todd Cella22310 states
Richard Duncan2131 (VT)
Kasey J. Wells21328 states
Jordan Scott1751 (CO)
Andrew Yang1483 (NH, RI, VT)
John Kasich1433 (NH, RI, VT)
Gary Swing1411 (VT)
Keith McCormic1261 (VT)
Mike Pence1213 (NH, RI, VT)
Source: The Green Papers 1 2 3

In Nevada, the ballots included the option "None of These Candidates", which received 14,079 votes.[31]

Withdrawn candidates

Declined

Individuals in this section were the subject of speculation that they might run for president as an independent or minor party candidate for the 2020 election but later said that they would not.

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: The Green Papers: 2020 General Election – Presidential Candidate Ballot Access by State – Sorted by On Ballot . The Green Papers . 2020-12-01 . 2020-12-01.
  2. Web site: Federal Elections 2020 . . October 2022.
  3. https://www.sos.alabama.gov/sites/default/files/election-2020/Final%20Canvass%20of%20Results-Merged.pdf General Election Results November 3, 2020
  4. Web site: Election Summary Report . Alaska Division of Elections . 3 December 2020 .
    November 3, 2020 general election candidate list, Alaska Division of Elections, October 29, 2020.
  5. https://azsos.gov/sites/default/files/2020_General_State_Canvass.pdf State of Arizona Official Canvass
  6. Web site: November 3, 2020 2020 General Election and Nonpartisan Judicial Runoff . 1 December 2020.
  7. https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/sov/2020-general/sov/complete-sov.pdf Statement of Vote
  8. Web site: November 3, 2020 2020 General Election . 9 December 2020.
    2020 general election candidate list, Colorado Secretary of State, October 2, 2020.
  9. Web site: 2020 Presidential Election . Connecticut Secretary of State . 16 December 2020.
  10. Web site: Election Results . State of Delaware – Department of Elections . 2 December 2020.
    General election 11/03/2020, declared write-in candidates by office, Delaware Department of Elections, September 29, 2020.
  11. Web site: General Election 2020 – Certified Results . District of Columbia Board of Elections . 3 December 2020.
    Response to Freedom of Information Act Request, District of Columbia Board of Elections, December 1, 2020.
  12. Web site: November 3, 2020 General Election . Florida Department of State . 3 December 2020.
  13. https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/GA/107231/web.264614 November 3, 2020 Presidential Recount
  14. Web site: General Election 2020 – State of Hawaii . State of Hawaii Office of Elections . 2 December 2020.
  15. https://sos.idaho.gov/elections-division/2020-results-statewide/ 2020 General Election Results – Statewide
  16. https://www.elections.il.gov/DocDisplay.aspx?doc=Downloads/ElectionOperations/VoteTotals/2020/ByCandidate/2020GEOfficialVote.pdf Official canvass, general election, November 3, 2020
  17. https://enr.indianavoters.in.gov/site/index.html Indiana Election Results
  18. https://sos.iowa.gov/elections/pdf/2020/general/canvsummary.pdf Election Canvass Summary
  19. https://sos.ks.gov/elections/20elec/2020_General_Official_Vote_Totals.pdf 2020 General Election Official Vote Totals
  20. https://elect.ky.gov/results/2020-2029/Documents/2020%20General%20Election%20Results.pdf 2020 General Election Results
  21. Web site: Tues Nov 3 2020 Official Results . Louisiana Secretary of State . 2 December 2020.
  22. https://www.maine.gov/sos/cec/elec/results/results20.html Tabulations for Elections held in 2020
  23. https://elections.maryland.gov/elections/2020/results/general/gen_results_2020_4_001-.html Official 2020 Presidential General Election results for President and Vice President of the United States
  24. https://electionstats.state.ma.us/elections/view/140751/ 2020 President General Election
  25. Web site: 2020 Michigan Election Results . The Office of Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson . 2 December 2020.
  26. https://www.sos.state.mn.us/media/4364/mn-2020-state-general-canvassing-report-post-per.pdf State of Minnesota Canvassing Report
  27. https://sos.ms.gov/elections/electionresults/2020General/Statewide%20Certified%20Results/President%20and%20Vice%20President_AMENDED.pdf Election Summary Report
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