Medicine Hat | |
Province: | Alberta |
Prov-Status: | defunct |
Prov-Created: | 1905 |
Prov-Abolished: | 1971 |
Prov-Created2: | 1979 |
Prov-Abolished2: | 2017 |
Prov-Election-First: | 1905 |
Prov-Election-Last: | 2015 |
Medicine Hat was a provincial electoral district in Alberta, Canada, mandated to return members to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1905 to 1971, and again from 1979 to 2019.[1] The electoral district was named after the City of Medicine Hat.
The electoral district of Medicine Hat has existed in two iterations. The Medicine Hat electoral district was one of the original 25 electoral districts contested in the 1905 Alberta general election upon Alberta joining Confederation in September 1905. The district was carried over from the old Medicine Hat electoral district which returned a single member to the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories from 1888 to 1905.[2] The member for the Northwest Territories seat, William Finlay would be elected in the 1st Alberta general election.[3] Upon the electoral district's formation, it covered a large portion of rural south east Alberta. The district shrunk until it became an urban only riding surrounding the City of Medicine Hat.
The district was abolished in the 1971 electoral district re-distribution to become part of Medicine Hat-Redcliff, which was abolished in 1979 and once again became the Medicine Hat electoral district.
Under the 2004 Alberta electoral boundary re-distribution, the constituency covered the portion of the city north of the South Saskatchewan River, the Trans-Canada Highway and Carry Drive. The rest of the city and surrounding area was part of the Cypress-Medicine Hat constituency.[4]
The 2010 electoral boundary re-distribution saw minor changes made to align the riding with new boundaries of Medicine Hat.[5]
The Medicine Hat electoral district was dissolved in the 2017 electoral boundary re-distribution, and portions of the district would incorporate the Brooks-Medicine Hat to the North, and Cypress-Medicine Hat to the South for the 2019 Alberta general election.[6]
(1) Medicine Hat 1905 boundaries[7] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Bordering districts | ||||
North | East | West | South | |
Lacombe and Vermilion | Saskatchewan boundary | Cardson, Gleichen, Innisfail, Lethbridge, Red Deer and Rosebud | Montana boundary | |
riding map goes here | map in relation to other districts in Alberta goes here | |||
Legal description from An Act to establish and provide for the Government of the Province of Alberta 1905. | ||||
The electoral division of Medicine Hat, bounded as follows:– Commencing at the intersection of the eastern boundary of the said province of Alberta by the north boundary of the 38th township; thence westerly along the north boundary of the 38th townships to the meridian between the 10th and 11th ranges, west of the 4th meridian; thence southerly along the meridian between the 10th and 11th ranges to the southern boundary of the said province of Alberta; thence easterly along the said southern boundary of the province of Alberta to the southeast corner thereof; thence northerly along the eastern boundary of the said province of Alberta to the point of commencement. | ||||
Note: Original electoral boundaries |
68 Medicine Hat 2003 boundaries[8] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Bordering districts | ||||
North | East | West | South | |
Cypress-Medicine Hat | ||||
Legal description from the Statutes of Alberta 2003, Electoral Divisions Act. | ||||
Starting at the intersection of the west Medicine Hat city boundary with the north Medicine Hat city boundary; then 1. generally east and southeast along the city boundary to the northeasterly extension of Carry Drive; 2. southwest along the extension and Carry Drive and its southwesterly extension to the Trans Canada highway; 3. northwest along the Trans Canada highway to the left bank of the South Saskatchewan River; 4. west along the left bank to the west Medicine Hat city boundary; 5. generally north, east and north to the starting point. | ||||
Note: |
72 Medicine Hat 2010 boundaries | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Bordering districts | ||||
North | East | West | South | |
Cypress-Medicine Hat | ||||
Legal description from the Statutes of Alberta 2010, Electoral Divisions Act. | ||||
Note: |
Members of the Legislative Assembly for Medicine Hat[9] | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Assembly | Years | Member | Party | |||||
See Medicine Hat (N.W.T.) 1888–1905 | ||||||||
1st | 1905–1909 | William Finlay | Liberal | |||||
2nd | 1909–1910 | |||||||
1910 | Vacant | |||||||
1910–1913 | Charles Mitchell | Liberal | ||||||
3rd | 1913–1917 | Nelson Spencer | Conservative | |||||
4th | 1917–1921 | |||||||
5th | 1921 | William Johnston | Dominion Labor | Perren Baker | UFA | |||
1921 | Vacant | |||||||
1921–1925 | Perren Baker | UFA | ||||||
1925 | Vacant | |||||||
1925–1926 | Charles Pingle | Liberal | ||||||
6th | 1926–1928 | J.J. Hendricks | Conservative | |||||
1928 | Vacant | |||||||
1928–1930 | Hector Lang | Liberal | ||||||
7th | 1930–1935 | |||||||
8th | 1935–1940 | John Robinson | Social Credit | |||||
9th | 1940–1944 | |||||||
10th | 1944–1948 | |||||||
11th | 1948–1952 | |||||||
12th | 1952–1953 | |||||||
1953 | Vacant | |||||||
1953–1955 | Elizabeth Robinson | Social Credit | ||||||
13th | 1955–1959 | |||||||
14th | 1959–1960 | |||||||
1960–1961 | Vacant | |||||||
1961–1963 | Harry Leinweber | Social Credit | ||||||
15th | 1963–1967 | |||||||
16th | 1967–1971 | |||||||
See Medicine Hat-Redcliff 1971-1979 | ||||||||
19th | 1979–1982 | Jim Horsman | Progressive Conservative | |||||
20th | 1982–1986 | |||||||
21st | 1986–1989 | |||||||
22nd | 1989–1993 | |||||||
23rd | 1993–1997 | Rob Renner | ||||||
24th | 1997–2001 | |||||||
25th | 2001–2004 | |||||||
26th | 2004–2008 | |||||||
27th | 2008–2012 | |||||||
28th | 2012–2014 | Blake Pedersen | Wildrose | |||||
2014–2015 | Progressive Conservative | |||||||
29th | 2015–2019 | Bob Wanner | New Democratic | |||||
See Cypress-Medicine Hat and Brooks-Medicine Hat 2019– |
The first election in 1905 saw former North-West Territories Assembly member William Finlay win the district in a hotly contested race. Finlay was re-elected in 1909 and resigned in 1910 so cabinet minister Charles Mitchell could have a seat in the Legislature.
Mitchell only held the district for one term before being defeated by Conservative Nelson Spencer in the 1913 election. Spencer's win was considered an upset. Spencer was re-elected by acclamation under Chapter 38 of the Elections Act in 1917 for serving in the Canadian Army during World War I. He retired from the Legislature in 1921 and moved to British Columbia.
The Liberal government passed a law in 1921 that turned Medicine Hat into a two-member constituency during the 5th Legislature. The two seats were won by United Farmers candidate Peren Baker who headed the polls and William Johnston, a Dominion Labor Party candidate who finished second. Baker was confirmed to a cabinet post by acclamation in a ministerial by-election on December 9, 1921.
Johnson died in 1925, vacating his seat. The by-election saw former Speaker of the Legislature Charles Pingle win the district for the Liberal party.
The district was once again mandated to return two members in 1926. This time they were elected through Single transferable voting. Pingle stood for re-election. Baker moved to the Cypress electoral district. Liberal Pingle and Conservative J.J. Hendricks were elected in this election. This was the first - and only - election held in this district using STV. Before the next general election the vote district was re-drawn smaller and only given one member and the method of election was changed to Instant-runoff voting.
Pingle died in 1928, forcing another by-election. Liberal candidate Hector Lang retained the seat for the party. He was re-elected in 1930 and was defeated, when he ran for a third term in 1935, by Social Credit candidate John Robinson.
Robinson held the district for five terms, being re-elected in 1940, 1944, 1948 and 1952. He was appointed Minister of Industries and Labour by Premier Ernest Manning in 1948 and held that post until his death in 1953.
The by-election in 1953 saw John Robinson's wife Elizabeth Robinson retain the seat for Social Credit. She held the district for three terms before dying in 1961.
The last by-election held in the district in 1961 saw Harry Leinweber become the third member of Social Credit to win the district. He was re-elected in 1963 and 1967 before retiring in 1971.
Medicine Hat was redistributed to include the town of Redcliff in 1971 boundary redistribution. The new riding was called Medicine Hat-Redcliff. The electoral district of Medicine Hat was re-created in 1979 containing just the city of Medicine Hat.
The first election in the new Medicine Hat district saw former Medicine Hat-Redcliff incumbent Jim Horsman won the district in a landslide winning a 10,000 vote margin over the second place candidate. He would improve on that victory winning his biggest margin in the 1982 general election finishing almost 12,000 votes ahead of second place. He was also re-elected in 1986 and 1989 before retiring in 1993.
Rob Renner was elected as a Progressive Conservative candidate for the first time in the 1993 general election. He was re-elected in 1997, 2001, 2004 and 2008.
Blake Pedersen was elected as a Wildrose candidate in 2012. On December 17, 2014, he was one of nine Wildrose MLAs who crossed the floor to join the Alberta Progressive Conservative caucus.[10]
Bob Wanner was elected as a New Democratic Party (NDP) candidate in 2015.[11] [12]
Due to laws existing in the Legislative Assembly Act a series of ministerial by-elections were needed to confirm members appointed to the Greenfield government. Seven by-elections in total were called for an election day of December 9, 1921. This was set for one week after the 1921 Canadian federal election.[13]
The by-election writ was dropped on November 16, 1921, United Farmers incumbent Perren Baker who had been appointed as Minister of Education ran unopposed and was acclaimed at the nomination deadline held on December 2, 1921. The timing of the by-elections was deliberately chosen to coincide with the federal election to ensure that opposition candidates would be unlikely to oppose the cabinet ministers.[13]
September 29, 1925 by-election results[14] [15] | Turnout 74.56% | 1st Count Swing | |||||||||
Affiliation | Candidate | 1st | % | 2nd | % | Party | Personal | ||||
Liberal | Charles Pingle | 1,640 | 41.48% | 1,914 | 55.17% | 5.89% | |||||
Farmer-Labor | William McCombs | 1,302 | 32.94% | 1,555 | 44.83% | -31.47%1 | |||||
Conservative | Joseph Hendrick | 1,011 | 25.58% | ||||||||
Total | 3,953 | 100% | 3,469 | 100% | |||||||
Exhausted Ballots | 0 | 484 | |||||||||
Rejected, spoiled and declined | Unknown | ||||||||||
align=center colspan=10 | 5,302 eligible electors | ||||||||||
Liberal pickup from Dominion Labor | 1st Count Swing 18.68% |
Two Members elected through STV.Pingle and Hendricks both elected.
May 1, 1928 by-election results[16] | Turnout 66.05% | 1st Count Swing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Affiliation | Candidate | 1st | % | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | % | Party | Personal | Liberal | Hector Lang | 1,355 | 39.90% | 1,405 | 1,603 | 1,604 | 59.12% | -4.18% | Conservative | Joseph Hendrick | 941 | 27.71% | 986 | 1,106 | 1,109 | 40.88% | -8.11% | Dominion Labor | William McCombs | 810 | 23.85% | 844 | 3.74% | Independent | B.J. Bott | 290 | 8.54% | align=center colspan=2 | ||||||
Total | 3,396 | 100% | 3,235 | 2,709 | 2,713 | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exhausted Ballots | 0 | 161 | 529 | -4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rejected, spoiled and declined | 106 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
align=center colspan=11 | 5,302 eligible electors | Liberal hold | 1st Count Swing -6.15% |
December 21, 1953 by-election results[17] | Turnout 28.44% | Swing | |||||||||||||||
Affiliation | Candidate | Votes | % | Party | Personal | Social Credit | Elizabeth Robinson | 2,462 | 76.89% | 2.19% | Co-operative Commonwealth | E.W. Horne | 740 | 23.11% | |||
Total | 3,202 | 100% | |||||||||||||||
Rejected, spoiled and declined | 200 | ||||||||||||||||
11,964 Eligible Electors[18] | Social Credit hold | Swing 12.65% |
2004 Senate nominee election results Medicine Hat[19] | Turnout 41.25% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Affiliation | Candidate | Votes | % votes | % ballots | Rank | Progressive Conservative | Betty Unger | 3,427 | 15.30% | 43.92% | 2 | Progressive Conservative | Bert Brown | 3,420 | 15.27% | 43.84% | 1 | Progressive Conservative | Cliff Breitkreuz | 2,256 | 10.07% | 28.92% | 3 | Progressive Conservative | David Usherwood | 2,245 | 10.02% | 28.78% | 6 | Independent | Link Byfield | 2,230 | 9.96% | 28.58% | 4 | Progressive Conservative | Jim Silye | 2,215 | 9.89% | 28.39% | 5 | Alberta Alliance | Michael Roth | 1,972 | 8.80% | 25.28% | 7 | Alberta Alliance | Vance Gough | 1,780 | 7.95% | 22.82% | 8 | Alberta Alliance | Gary Horan | 1,607 | 7.17% | 20.60% | 10 | Independent | Tom Sindlinger | 1,249 | 5.57% | 16.01% | 9 | |
Total votes | 22,401 | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total ballots | 7,802 | 2.87 votes per ballot | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rejected, spoiled and declined | 2,819 |
District results from the first province wide plebiscite on electricity regulation.
1957 Alberta liquor plebiscite results: Medicine Hat[20] | ||||
Question A: Do you approve additional types of outlets for the sale of beer, wine and spirituous liquor subject to a local vote? | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Ballot choice | Votes | % | ||
bgcolor=green | Yes | 2,728 | 50.04% | |
bgcolor=red | No | 2,724 | 49.96% | |
align=right colspan=2 | Total votes | 5,452 | 100% | |
align=right colspan=2 | Rejected, spoiled and declined | 98 | ||
12,586 eligible electors, turnout 44.10% |
The plebiscite was conducted in two parts. Question A asked in all districts, asked the voters if the sale of liquor should be expanded in Alberta, while Question B asked in a handful of districts within the corporate limits of Calgary and Edmonton asked if men and woman were allowed to drink together in establishments.[20]
Province wide Question A of the plebiscite passed in 33 of the 50 districts while Question B passed in all five districts. Medicine Hat just barely voted in favour of the proposal with the difference between Yes and No being four votes. Voter turnout in the district was slightly below the province wide average of 46%.[20]
Official district returns were released to the public on December 31, 1957.[20] The Social Credit government in power at the time did not considered the results binding.[22] However the results of the vote led the government to repeal all existing liquor legislation and introduce an entirely new Liquor Act.[23]
Municipal districts lying inside electoral districts that voted against the Plebiscite were designated Local Option Zones by the Alberta Liquor Control Board and considered effective dry zones, business owners that wanted a license had to petition for a binding municipal plebiscite in order to be granted a license.[24]
Participating schools[25] | |
---|---|
Crescent Heights High School | |
Crestwood Elementary School | |
McCoy High School | |
Medicine Hat High School | |
River Heights Elementary | |
Southview School |
2004 Alberta student vote results[26] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Affiliation | Candidate | Votes | % | Progressive Conservative | Rob Renner | 586 | 42.71% | Liberal | Karen Charlton | 361 | 26.31% | NDP | Diana Arnott | 209 | 15.23% | Alberta Alliance | Scott Cowan | 109 | 7.94% | Social Credit | Jonathan Lorentzen | 107 | 7.81% | |
Total | 1,372 | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Rejected, spoiled and declined | 25 |