FGF14 explained
Fibroblast growth factor 14 is a biologically active protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF14 gene.[1] [2] [3]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities and are involved in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth, and invasion. A mutation in this gene is associated with autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.
FGF14 is mainly expressed in the central nervous system and is associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA27). FGF14 deficiency also impairs the maturation of cells in the hippocampus, which is possibly related to the development of schizophrenia.[4]
Relationship with Alzheimer's disease
FGF14 levels are elevated in patients with Alzheimer's disease. FGF14 messenger RNA was also found to be upregulated in Alzheimer's patients, which suggests that it is involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, although the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Research is ongoing as to whether or not FGF14 could be used as a therapy against Alzheimer's disease as well as other neurodegenerative diseases, by promote neural proliferation and regulating the plasticity of the synapses.
Further reading
- Wang Q . Ataxia and paroxysmal dyskinesia in mice lacking axonally transported FGF14 . Neuron . 35 . 1 . 25–38 . 2002 . 12123606 . 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00744-4 . vanc. Bardgett ME . Wong M . 3 . Wozniak . David F. . Lou . Junyang . McNeil . Benjamin D. . Chen . Chen . Nardi . Anthony . Reid . David C. . free .
- Chumakov I . Genetic and physiological data implicating the new human gene G72 and the gene for d-amino acid oxidase in schizophrenia . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 21 . 13675–80 . 2002 . 12364586 . 10.1073/pnas.182412499 . 129739 . vanc. Blumenfeld M . Guerassimenko O . 3 . Cavarec . L . Palicio . M . Abderrahim . H . Bougueleret . L . Barry . C . Tanaka . H . 2002PNAS...9913675C . free .
- Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . vanc. Feingold EA . Grouse LH . 3 . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
- van Swieten JC . A Mutation in the Fibroblast Growth Factor 14 Gene Is Associated with Autosomal Dominant Cerebral Ataxia . Am. J. Hum. Genet. . 72 . 1 . 191–9 . 2003 . 12489043 . 10.1086/345488 . 378625 . vanc. Brusse E . de Graaf BM . 3 . Krieger . Elmar . Van De Graaf . Raoul . De Koning . Inge . Maat-Kievit . Anneke . Leegwater . Peter . Dooijes . Dennis .
- Dunham A . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13 . Nature . 428 . 6982 . 522–8 . 2004 . 15057823 . 10.1038/nature02379 . 2665288 . vanc. Matthews LH . Burton J . 3 . Ashurst . J. L. . Howe . K. L. . Ashcroft . K. J. . Beare . D. M. . Burford . D. C. . Hunt . S. E. . 2004Natur.428..522D .
- Popovici C, Conchonaud F, Birnbaum D, Roubin R . Functional phylogeny relates LET-756 to fibroblast growth factor 9 . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 38 . 40146–52 . 2004 . 15199049 . 10.1074/jbc.M405795200 . free .
- Stevanin G . Mutations in the FGF14 gene are not a major cause of spinocerebellar ataxia in Caucasians . Neurology . 63 . 5 . 936 . 2005 . 15365159 . 10.1212/01.wnl.0000137020.30604.1e. vanc. Durr A . Dussert C . 3 . Penet . C . Brice . A . 35093587 .
- Dalski A . Mutation analysis in the fibroblast growth factor 14 gene: frameshift mutation and polymorphisms in patients with inherited ataxias . Eur. J. Hum. Genet. . 13 . 1 . 118–20 . 2005 . 15470364 . 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201286 . vanc. Atici J . Kreuz FR . 3 . Hellenbroich . Yorck . Schwinger . Eberhard . Zühlke . Christine . free.
- Lou JY . Fibroblast growth factor 14 is an intracellular modulator of voltage-gated sodium channels . J. Physiol. . 569 . Pt 1 . 179–93 . 2006 . 16166153 . 10.1113/jphysiol.2005.097220 . 1464207 . vanc. Laezza F . Gerber BR . 3 . Xiao . M . Yamada . KA . Hartmann . H . Craig . AM . Nerbonne . JM . Ornitz . DM .
- Brusse E . Spinocerebellar ataxia associated with a mutation in the fibroblast growth factor 14 gene (SCA27): A new phenotype . Mov. Disord. . 21 . 3 . 396–401 . 2006 . 16211615 . 10.1002/mds.20708 . vanc. de Koning I . Maat-Kievit A . 3 . Oostra . Ben A. . Heutink . Peter . Van Swieten . John C. . 25438944 .
- Zhao Y, Lim SW, Tan EK . Genetic analysis of SCA 27 in ataxia and childhood onset postural tremor . Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. . 144 . 3 . 395–6 . 2007 . 17221845 . 10.1002/ajmg.b.30472 . 41536996 .
Notes and References
- Smallwood PM, Munoz-Sanjuan I, Tong P, Macke JP, Hendry SH, Gilbert DJ, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Nathans J . Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) homologous factors: new members of the FGF family implicated in nervous system development . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 93 . 18 . 9850–7 . Oct 1996 . 8790420 . 38518 . 10.1073/pnas.93.18.9850 . 1996PNAS...93.9850S . free .
- Wozniak DF, Xiao M, Xu L, Yamada KA, Ornitz DM . Impaired spatial learning and defective theta burst induced LTP in mice lacking fibroblast growth factor 14 . Neurobiol Dis . 26 . 1 . 14–26 . Mar 2007 . 17236779 . 2267915 . 10.1016/j.nbd.2006.11.014 .
- Web site: Entrez Gene: FGF14 fibroblast growth factor 14.
- Wang. Lusheng. Jing. Rongrong. Wang. Xing. Wang. Baohui. Guo. Keke. Zhao. Jungang. Gao. Shuang. Xu. Nuo. Xuan. Xuan. June 2021. 11 June 2021. A method for the expression of fibroblast growth factor 14 and assessment of its neuroprotective effect in an Alzheimer's disease model. Annals of Translational Medicine. 9. 12. 994. 10.21037/atm-21-2492. 2305-5839. 8267273. 34277794 . free .