Body: | Federal Parliament of Nepal |
Election: | 2017 general elections 2018, 2020, 2022 National Assembly elections |
Government: | Oli cabinet, 2018 Fifth Deuba Cabinet |
Before: | Legislature Parliament |
After: | 2nd Federal Parliament |
Chamber1 Image: | PratinidhiSabhaApril2022.svg |
Membership1: | 275 |
Control1: | Government (158) External Support (18) Opposition (93) Vacant (4) |
Chamber1 Leader1 Type: | Speaker of the House |
Chamber1 Leader1: | Krishna Bahadur Mahara Agni Prasad Sapkota |
Chamber1 Leader2 Type: | Deputy Speaker |
Chamber1 Leader3 Type: | Leader of the House |
Chamber1 Leader3: | Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli, CPN (UML) Sher Bahadur Deuba, Congress |
Chamber1 Leader4 Type: | Leader of |
Chamber1 Leader4: | Sher Bahadur Deuba, Congress Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli, CPN (UML) |
Chamber2: | National Assembly |
Chamber2 Image: | RastriyaSabhaApril2022.svg |
Membership2: | 59 |
Control2: | Government (39) External Support (2) Opposition (17) |
Chamber2 Leader1 Type: | Chairperson |
Chamber2 Leader1: | Ganesh Prasad Timilsina |
Chamber2 Leader2 Type: | Vice-chairperson |
Chamber2 Leader2: | Shashikala Dahal vacant |
Chamber2 Leader3 Type: | Leader of the House |
Chamber2 Leader4 Type: | Leader of the Opposition |
The First Federal Parliament of Nepal, consisting of the House of Representatives and the National Assembly, was elected via the 2017 legislative, provincial and local elections.
165 members were elected via first-past-the-post system[1] and 110 through the proportional representation system to form the 275-member House of Representatives for a five-year term. On 7 February 2018, the provincial electoral colleges, composed of provincial assembly members elected in the provincial elections and chairs and deputy-chairs of local administrative units elected in the local elections, elected eight members each, for a total of 56 elected members, and three more were appointed by the President as nominated by the government, to form the 59 member National Assembly. The National Assembly members drew lots to determine the thirds whose terms would be of two, four and six years respectively.
On 23 January 2020, the National Assembly electoral college met for the second time to elect 18 of the 19 Class I members.[2] The electoral college met again on 26 January 2022 to elect 20 members of the 2nd Class.[3]
The House of Representatives was dissolved on 20 December 2020 by President Bidya Devi Bhandari on the request of Prime Minister K.P. Sharma Oli's cabinet.[4] The House was reinstated on 24 February 2021 following a decision by the Supreme Court of Nepal.[5] The House of Representatives was again dissolved on 22 May 2021 by President Bidya Devi Bhandari and was reinstated again on 12 July 2021 by the Supreme Court.[6] [7] The parliament was dissolved on 18 September 2022 after completing its five-year term.[8] [9]
18 August 2021, after the split of Loktantrik Samajwadi Party, Nepal from People's Socialist Party, Nepal and CPN (Unified Socialist) from CPN (Unified Marxist—Leninist)File:HouseOfRepresentatives Nepal May2021.svg | 8 March 2021, after split of CPN (Unified Marxist—Leninist) and CPN (Maoist Centre) from Nepal Communist PartyFile:Nepal House of Representatives 2018.svg | 23 April 2020, after the merger of Samajbadi Party, Nepal and Rastriya Janata Party NepalFile:Nepal House of Representatives May 2019.svg | 6 May 2019, after the merger of Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal and Naya Shakti Party, NepalFile:House_of_Representatives_Nepal_2018.svg | 17 May 2018, after the merger of CPN (Unified Marxist—Leninist) and CPN (Maoist Centre)File:House of Representatives Nepal 2017.svg | 4 March 2018, at the time of formation |
Party | After election | At dissolution | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FPTH | Prop. | Total | FPTH | Prop. | Total | +/– | |||
Registered parliamentary parties | |||||||||
81 | 41 | 121 | 68 | 28 | 96 | 25 | |||
23 | 40 | 63 | 23 | 40 | 62 | 1 | |||
36 | 17 | 53 | 32 | 17 | 49 | 4 | |||
— | — | — | 12 | 13 | 25 | 25 | |||
— | — | — | 13 | 8 | 19 | 19 | |||
— | — | — | 9 | 4 | 13 | 13 | |||
— | — | — | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | |||
Others | |||||||||
1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | ||||
1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | ||||
1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | ||||
1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | ||||
Former parties | |||||||||
11 | 6 | 17 | — | — | — | 17 | |||
10 | 6 | 16 | — | — | — | 16 | |||
1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | |||
Suspended | — | — | — | 3 | — | 3 | 3 | ||
Vacant | — | — | — | 4 | — | 4 | 4 | ||
Total | 165 | 110 | 275 | 161 | 110 | 271 |
CPN (Unified Socialist) (25) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Constituency/ group | Member | Portfolio & Responsibilities | |
Kathmandu 2 | Madhav Kumar Nepal | Parliamentary party Leader | |
Kathmandu 8 | Jeevan Ram Shrestha | Chief Whip | |
Khas Arya | Kalyani Kumari Khadka | President of Development and Technology Committee | |
Dalit | Nira Devi Jairu | President of State Direction Principle, Rules and Responsibility Committee | |
Tehrathum 1 | Bhawani Prasad Khapung | ||
Indigenous peoples | Bina Devi Budhathoki Magar | ||
Makwanpur 2 | Birodh Khatiwada | ||
Dolpa 1 | Dhan Bahadur Buda | ||
Mugu 1 | Gopal Bahadur Bam | ||
Dang 3 | Hira Chandra K.C. | ||
Ilam 1 | Jhala Nath Khanal | ||
Muslim | Kalila Khatun | ||
Tanahun 1 | Krishna Kumar Shrestha | ||
Lalitpur 2 | Krishna Lal Maharjan | ||
Tharu | Laxmi Kumari Chaudhary | ||
Dang 1 | Metmani Chaudhary | ||
Khas Arya | Maya Devi Neupane | ||
Khas Arya | Mukunda Neupane | ||
Dalit | Parbati Kumari Bisunkhe | ||
Doti 1 | Prem Bahadur Ale | ||
Madheshi | Pushpa Kumari Karna Kayasta | ||
Indigenous peoples | Ram Kumari Jhankri | ||
Muslim | Samina Hussein | ||
Madheshi | Sarala Kumari Yadav | ||
Palpa 2 | Som Prasad Pandey | ||
Indigenous peoples | Tulsi Thapa |
Loktantrik Samajwadi Party (13) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Constituency/ group | Member | Portfolio & Responsibilities | |
Mahottari 3 | Mahanta Thakur | Parliamentary party Leader | |
Dhanusha 2 | Uma Shankar Aragriya | Chief Whip | |
Parsa 2 | Bimal Prasad Shrivastav | President of Industry, Commerce, Labour and Consumer Interest Committee | |
Parsa 4 | Laxman Lal Karna | President of Parliamentary Hearing Committee | |
Rautahat 1 | Anil Kumar Jha | ||
Madheshi | Chanda Chaudhary | ||
Saptari 3 | Chandra Kanta Chaudhary | ||
Dalit | Dulari Devi Khanga | ||
Bara 4 | Iqbal Miya | ||
Dalit | Kalu Devi Biswokarma | ||
Khas Arya | Nirjala Raut | ||
Dhanusha 3 | Rajendra Mahato | ||
Mahottari 2 | Sharat Singh Bhandari |
Constituency/ group | Name | Party | Date of suspension | Reason | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kailali 1 | Resham Lal Chaudhary | 3 January 2019 | Suspended following murder charges[23] | ||
Parsa 3 | Hari Narayan Rauniyar | 8 October 2019 | Suspendend following graft charges[24] | ||
Rautahat 2 | Mohammad Aftab Alam | 14 October 2019 | Suspended following murder charges[25] |
By-elections are held for seats that become vacant or members elected through proportional representation are replaced from the party list.
Constituency/ group | Incumbent | Replacement | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Name | Party | Date vacated | Reason | Name | Party | Date elected | Change | |||
Kaski 2 | Rabindra Prasad Adhikari | 27 February 2019 | Death[26] | Bidya Bhattarai | 30 November 2019 | By-election | ||||
Indigenous peoples | Gyan Kumari Chantyal | 1 July 2020 | Death[27] | Subarna Jwarchan[28] | 19 July 2020 | List | ||||
Khas Arya | Sarita Giri | 9 July 2020 | Sacked for disobeying party whip[29] | Lila Devi Sitaula[30] | 29 July 2020 | List | ||||
Dalit | Sanu Siva | 14 October 2020 | Death[31] | Janaki Devi Ram[32] | 4 April 2021 | List | ||||
Khas Arya | Surya Bahadur K.C. | 4 November 2020 | Death[33] | Mohan Prasad Pandey[34] | 23 November 2020 | List | ||||
Kailali 3 | Gauri Shankar Chaudhary | 8 April 2021 | Expelled for joining CPN (UML)[35] | |||||||
Arghakhanchi 1 | Top Bahadur Rayamajhi | |||||||||
Kailali 4 | Lekh Raj Bhatta | |||||||||
Rautahat 3 | Prabhu Sah |
Party | After 2018 election | After 2020 election | After 2022 election | At time of dissolution of HoR | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
29 | — | 17 | 18 | |||
13 | — | 16 | 16 | |||
13 | 6 | 10 | 10 | |||
— | — | 9 | 9 | |||
— | — | 3 | 3 | |||
[37] | — | — | 1 | 1 | ||
— | — | 1 | 1 | |||
— | — | 1 | 1 | |||
— | 50 | — | — | |||
2 | 2 | — | — | |||
2 | — | — | — | |||
— | 1 | — | — | |||
Total | 59 | 59 | 59 | 59 |
Category | Name | Party | Assumed office | Class | Portfolio & Responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Province No. 1 | ||||||
Open | Devendra Dahal | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Open | Gopal Basnet | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Open | Ramesh Jung Rayamajhi | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Women | Indira Gautam | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Women | Jayanti Rai | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Women | Bina Pokharel | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Dalit | Gopi Alchhami | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Disabled/Minority | Sonam Gyaljen Sherpa | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Madhesh Province | ||||||
Open | Mrigendra Singh Yadav | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Open | Mohammad Khalid | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Open | Jitendra Dev | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Women | Tulsa Dahal | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Women | Urmila Aryal | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Women | Pramila Kumari | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Dalit | Radheshyam Paswan | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Disabled/Minority | Shekhar Singh | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Bagmati Province | ||||||
Open | Beduram Bhusal | [38] | 4 March 2020 | 1 | Parliamentary party leader of CPN (Unified Socialist) | |
Open | Krishna Prasad Paudel | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Open | Khim Lal Devkota | 28 May 2021[39] | 3 | |||
Women | Ganga Belbase | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Women | Goma Devi Timalsina | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Women | Parvati Rawal | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Dalit | Singha Bahadur Bishwakarma | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Disabled/Minority | Ramchandra Rai Danuwar | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Gandaki Province | ||||||
Open | Narayan Kaji Shrestha | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Open | Suresh Ale Magar | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Open | Ganesh Prasad Timilsina | 4 March 2018 | 3 | Chair of the National Assembly | ||
Women | Bhagwati Neupane | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Women | Kamala Panta | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Women | Dipa Gurung | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Dalit | Bhuwan Sunar | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Disabled/Minority | Prakash Pantha | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Lumbini Province | ||||||
Open | Gopal Bhattarai | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Open | Yubaraj Sharma | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Open | Khim Lal Bhattarai | 4 March 2018 | 3 | Parliamentary party leader of CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) | ||
Women | Bimala Ghimire | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Women | Rajya Laxmi Gaire | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Women | Anita Devkota | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Dalit | Tul Prasad B.K. | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Disabled/Minority | Jag Prasad Sharma | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Karnali Province | ||||||
Open | Maya Prasad Acharya | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Open | Udaya Bohara | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Open | Bhairab Sundar Shrestha | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Women | Sumitra BC | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Women | Durga Gurung | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Women | Nanda Sharma | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Dalit | Nar Pati Luwar | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Disabled/Minority | Nara Bahadur Bista | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Sudurpashchim Province | ||||||
Open | Taraman Swar | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Open | Narayan Dutta Mishra | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Open | Hari Ram Chaudhari | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Women | Sharada Bhatta | 4 March 2020 | 1 | |||
Women | Madan Kumari Shah | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Women | Indu Kadariya | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Dalit | Jagat Parki | 4 March 2022 | 2 | |||
Disabled/Minority | Mahesh Kumar Mahara | 4 March 2018 | 3 | |||
Nominated | ||||||
Bam Dev Gautam | 17 September 2020[40] | 1 | ||||
Narayan Dahal | 12 April 2022[41] [42] | 2 | ||||
Bimala Paudel | 10 March 2018 | 3 |
Category | Name | Party | Assumed office[43] | Retirement | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Province No. 1 | |||||
Open | Hari Charan Shiwakoti | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Open | Parshuram Megi Gurung | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Women | Sarita Prasai | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Women | Nainakala Ojha | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Dalit | Khem Raj Nepali | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Disabled/Minority | Aagam Prasad Bantawa Rai | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Madhesh Province | |||||
Open | Ramesh Prasad Yadav | 18 March 2018[44] | 3 March 2020 | ||
Open | Suman Raj Pyakurel | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Women | Mukta Kumari Yadav | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Women | Shashikala Dahal | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Dalit | Ramprit Paswan | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Disabled/Minority | Brikhesh Chandra Lal | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Bagmati Province | |||||
Open | Balram Baskota | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Open | Ram Bahadur Thapa | 4 March 2018 | 18 April 2021[45] | ||
Open | Radheshyam Adhikari | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Women | Dhana Khatiwada | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Women | Udaya Sharma | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Gandaki Province | |||||
Open | Surendra Raj Pandey | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Open | Dina Nath Sharma | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Women | Brinda Rana Magar | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Women | Shanti Adhikari | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Dalit | Khim Bahadur BK | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Lumbini Province | |||||
Open | Durga Prasad Upadhyaya | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Open | Chandra Bahadur Khadka | 4 March 2018 | 28 April 2021[46] | ||
Open | Dirga Narayan Pandey | 9 June 2021[47] | 3 March 2022 | ||
Women | Mina Budha | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Women | Komal Oli | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Dalit | Ram Lakhan Harijan | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Disabled/Minority | Raj Kumar Kunwar | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Karnali Province | |||||
Open | Kali Bahadur Malla | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Open | Thagendra Puri | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Women | Yutul Lama | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Women | Kabita Bogati | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Disabled/Minority | Jeevan Budha | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Sudurpashchim Province | |||||
Open | Badri Pandey | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Open | Sher Bahadur Kunwar | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Women | Kamala Oli | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | ||
Women | Tara Devi Joshi | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Dalit | Chakra Prasad Snehi | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 | ||
Nominated | |||||
Yuba Raj Khatiwada | 4 March 2018 | 3 March 2020 | |||
Ram Narayan Bidari | 10 March 2018 | 3 March 2022 |